UNIT PELAKSANA TEKNIS MPK
UNIVERSITAS SILIWANGI
Jl. Siliwangi No. 24 Kotak Pos 164 Tasikmalaya 46115 Tlp (0265) 330634 Fax 325812
NASKAH UJIAN TENGAH SEMESTER GENAP
TAHUN AKADEMIK 2005/2006
Mata Kuliah : Bahasa Inggris
Hari/tanggal : Senin, 17 April 2006
Waktu : 15.30 – 17.30 WIB
Fakultas : Ekonomi
Program Studi : Akuntansi
Dosen Penannggung : U. Komara, M.Pd
LABOUR AND CAPITAL
Money is not only a means of exchange but is also a means of measuring the value of men’s labour. In economic theory, labour is any work undertaken in return for fixed payment. The work undertaken by a mother in caring for her children may be hard work, but it receives no fixed payment. It is not therefore labour in the strck economic sense.
As a scientist, the economist is interested in measuring the services which people render to each other. Although he is aware of the service whice people provide for no financial reward, he is not concerned with these services. He is interested essentially in service which are measurable in terms of money payments of a fixed and/or regular nature. In economics,money is the standard by wich thee value of things is judge. This standard is not a religious or subjective, but an objective and scientific one.
Human labour produces goods and services. The activities of a farmworker and a nurse are very different, but both are measurable in terms of payment received. Labour in this sense is not concerned wih distinctions of social class but simply with the payment of wages in return for work. When we talk about the national lsbour force, however we are thingking of all those people who are available for work within the nation, i.e. the working population.
It should be noted that any person engaged in private business is not paid a fixed sum for his activities. He is self-employed and his activities are partly those of an employer and partly those of an employee.
If however he employs an assistant,to whom he pays a fixed wage, his new employee provides labour in return for payment. He receives his wages, while his employer receives the surplus(large of small) from the whole business. This surplus is reward of private enterprise and is known as profit.
A. Answer the following cuestions about the text above.
1. What is the definition or money?
2. Based on the economic theory, what is labour?
3. A mother’s work is not labour. Why?
4. What does the economist measure?
5. Why is he interested in measuring the services which people render to each other?
6. What two words are used to describe the money standard?
7. What two words are used to suggest different standards from the money standard?
8. What common factor relates the work of the nurse and the farmworker?
9. In the economic sense, what is labour not concerned with?
10. What term is used to describe a person engaged in his own private business?
11 . What does the employer receive beside wages?
12. what is the reward of private enterprise called?
B. Say whethere these statement are true (T) and give the reason if these statement are false (F).
1. Money is both a means of exchange and a means of measuring labour.
2. A mother’s work in caring for her children is not labour because it is seldom very hard work.
3. The economist is interested in the services which people provide for nothing.
4. services which are measurable in terms of money concern the econmist very much.
5. The money standard as used by economist is scientific and objective.
6. Economists say that the activities of farmworkers and nurse are the same.
7. labour in the economic sense is also concered with the payment of higher wages to the national labour force.
8. if an employer engages an assistant, his own work can be classified as labour.
C. Complete these sentences with the words in the following list.
Esthablished operate finance distributed own
Profit spend produce apply promoted
Offers
1. An employer receives not only wages but also.........
2. The companies........much money to buy supplies.
3. You must read the direction before you ........this machine.
4. They......several companies operated by professional managers.
5. She.......the brochures to all audience in the conference hall last week.
6. My father.......his new product on the newspaper two days ago.
7. Jack and Bill.......all of the business activities to produce goods and services.
8. I will........this excellent position in this company soon.
9. He........me to invest in this big project.
10.The company has.........several factories in several location in five cities.
D. Make a sentence from these words below.
1. Advertisement 6. Discount
2. Aplication letter 7. Catalogue
3. Interview 8. Manufacture
4. Clerk 9. Wholesalers
5. 
Secretary 10. Employment
E. Write down these numbers into the right prices.
- $ 125,674,299,606
- $ 458,234,567 + $ 222,457,245 = $ 680,691,812
- $ 876,456,777,432 - $ 456,543,898 = $ 876,000,233,534
- $ 200,575,000,125 : 500 = $ 40,115,000,025
- $ 50,124,000 X $ 6,758 = $338,737,992,000
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